Universal Sompo Two Wheeler Insurance Policy

Founded in 2007 and headquartered in Mumbai, Universal Sompo General Insurance Company has been formed as a joint venture between Allahabad Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, and Karnataka Bank and private companies like Dabur Investment Corp and Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Insurance Inc. Today, the company offers a range of products including motor insurance, health insurance, travel insurance, and more.

Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy Offered By Universal Sompo

The two-wheeler insurance policy offered by Universal Sompo General Insurance covers motorcycles and scooters used for personal, social, leisure, and professional purpose (except for carriage of goods other than samples), and more. The bike insurance policy offered by the company covers the insured against a range of incidents that cause damage or loss to the vehicle.

Key Features of Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy

• No Claim Bonus can be availed based on number of claim-free years.
• Discount on premium if a higher voluntary excess is opted for.
• Discount on installation of anti-theft device in the vehicle.
• Special concessions for vehicle designed for the use of physically/mentally disabled individuals.

Benefits of Universal Sompo Two Wheeler Insurance

Universal Sompo Two Wheeler Insurance offers both the comprehensive cover and the minimum liability-only cover. It is mandatory to at least have a liability-only cover for your motor vehicle. Find out about the advantages that you will have while driving if you own a comprehensive insurance policy. Watch the video to know the minimal cover you will get if you opt for a liability-only cover. Pick one from the two options that bests suits the extent of coverage you need for your vehicle.

Coverage Offered Under Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy

Any damage or loss caused to the vehicle due to any of the following instances is covered under the policy:

• Loss or damage due to natural causes such as landslide, flood, earthquake, rockslide, typhoon, fire, and more.
• Loss or damage due to man-made causes such as vehicle theft, strikes, riots, terrorism, burglary, and other malicious acts.
• Damage or loss caused due to other causes such as self-ignition, accident, or damage occurred in transit.
• Incidents causing personal injury or damage to the property of a third person due to an accident involving the insured vehicle as made mandatory under the Motor Vehicle Act.
• Personal accident cover for the owner of the vehicle or the driver.

Optional Extensions To the Coverage

• Loss of electrical/electronic accessories.
• Legal liability to a paid driver, workman, or cleaner.
• Personal Accident for the pillion rider.

Add-On Bike Insurance Covers Offered By Universal Sompo

While the standard insurance policy covers you sufficiently for major incidents causing damage or loss to the vehicle, the coverage offered by the policy can be enhanced by opting for certain add-on insurance covers. The same can be opted by paying certain amount of additional premium. The following are some of the important add-on insurance covers offered by Universal Sompo. The complete list of add-on covers can be found on the official website of the company.

• Accidental hospitalization cover for family members
• Additional compensation for accidental Injury (family members)
• Additional compensation for accidental injury (vehicle owner)
• Cover for consumables
• Cover for loss of driving license
• Daily cash allowance
• Engine protection cover
• Hospital daily cash allowance
• Manufacturer's On Road Price/Selling Price
• No Claim Bonus (NCB) protection cover
• Return to invoice cover
• Roadside assistance cover
• Winder PA Benefit (owner)
• Zero depreciation cover

Exceptions Under Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy

Any loss or damage caused to the vehicle due to any of the below mentioned reasons is not covered under the bike insurance policy offered by the insurer. The complete list of policy exceptions should be available in the policy document.

• Any loss or damage to the vehicle outside the geography covered under the policy.
• Normal wear and tear of the vehicle due to passage of time.
• Any loss of damage to the vehicle which is consequential.
• Loss or damage incurred to the vehicle due to a person driving the vehicle under the influence of an intoxicating substance.
• Vehicle used against the limitations of its use as defined in the policy document.

Bike Insurance Claim Process In Case of Accident/Own Damage

In case your vehicle meets with an accident, you may immediately intimate the insurer by calling on 1800224030 (toll free number from BSNL and MTNL Lines) or calling the nearest Universal Sompo branch office. An official will soon get in touch with you to assist you with the claims process.

While intimating the insurer about your wish to file an insurance claim, the following details should be kept handy:

• Name of the insured person
• Insurance policy number
• Contact number of the insured person
• Date, time, and location of the accident
• Brief description of the accident
• Estimated loss or damage
• Address and contact details of the insured person in case a claim is notified by a person other than the insured vehicle owner

Things To Do After Loss/Damage:

• Do not leave the vehicle unattended without sufficient precautions as the same could lead to further loss or damage.
• Do not ride the vehicle if the same could further damage the vehicle. Any extension of the damage or loss so caused is not covered under the policy.
• Provide a written notice to the insurer and submit necessary documents and evidence the insurance company may ask for.
• After notifying the insurer, submit a detailed estimate of cost of repairs from any repairer of your choice.
• The insurer generally accepts the same and processes the claim accordingly but it may also ask for an estimate from another repairer under a few circumstances.
• In case of loss of vehicle due to theft, an FIR should be filed at your nearest police station.
• Once the insurer receives the claim estimate, it appoints a surveyor to assess the damage who further submits the final report to the insurance company.
• If you have paid for the repairs of the vehicle for the damages caused due to an accident, you may reimburse the bill amount from the insurance company which will settle the same after necessary deductions.
• Salvage of vehicle parts should be preserved to minimise the loss.

Process For Third Party Two-Wheeler Insurance Claims

• Intimate the insurance company about the accidental damage or loss done to a third party.
• Submit the required documents and evidence as required by the insurer. The claim form should also be submitted along with other documents.
• The claim has to be registered with the insurance company post which it carries out the necessary investigation. For the same, an investigator is appointed by the insurance company.
• Once the intimation is received from the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) or Court, an advocate is appointed whom the insured should follow up with.

Universal Sompo Long-Term Two-Wheeler Package Insurance Policy

Universal Sompo offers a long term package policy for a period of 2 and 3 years which covers the insured for a longer period and also brings along several other benefits. The policy covers own damage as well as third-party liabilities. Some of the key features of the multi-year two-wheeler insurance policy offered by the insurer are as follows:

• No hassles of annual policy renewal for 2 or 3 years (depending on the validity opted for)
• No hike in premium for the duration of the policy.
• Additional discounts of 5% and 10% on opting for a long-term bike insurance policy for 2 years and 3 years respectively.
• Additional NCB can be availed at the time of renewal of the policy.
• NCB can be transferred on switching the policy to any other insurer.

How To Buy/Renew Universal Sompo Bike Insurance Policy Online

You can buy a Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy or renew your existing insurance policy online through the official website of the insurer. To do the same, all you need to do is enter the details of your vehicle, select the extensions and add-on covers available, calculate the premium, and make the necessary payment through the available payment options.

No Claim Bonus (NCB)

The NCB falls under the own damage part of the two-wheeler insurance policy. The NCB is provided depending on the number of preceding years in which no insurance claim has been made. The same is illustrated in the following table:

Number of Preceding Years In Which No Claims Have Been Made	Percentage of No Claim Bonus Offered By The Insurer
1 claim-free year	20%
2 consecutive claim-free years	25%
3 consecutive claim-free years	35%
4 consecutive claim-free years	45%
5 consecutive claim-free years	50%

Universal Sompo Customer Care Contact Details

In case you need more details about the motor insurance policy offered by the insurance company or need assistance or clarification pertaining to a certain issue relating to your two-wheeler insurance policy, you may use the following details to avail the customer service.

Visit Universal Sompo Head Office

You may send a mail or visit the head office of the insurer to get assistance with any issue pertaining to the insurance products offered by the company. Below is the address of the Universal Sompo head office:

Universal Sompo General Insurance Co. Ltd.

Express IT Park, Plot No. EL - 94, T.T.C. Industrial Area,

M.I.D.C., Mahape, Navi Mumbai-400710

Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Toll-Free Number:

Customers can get 24/7 on-call assistance by calling on the below-mentioned telephone numbers:

• 1800-22-4030 (For MTNL/BSNL Users) or 1800-200-4030
• Helpline Number: 022-27639800 or 022-39133700 (call charges apply based on network provider)

Universal Sompo Customer Support Email Address

• You may also write an email at the following email address.

contactus@universalsompo.com

• To register a grievance, you may send an email at at grievance@universalsompo.com

Visit Universal Sompo Branch Office

Universal Sompo has branch offices spread across the country. You may locate your nearest branch office through the official website of the company. Here are the addresses of the branch offices in some of the important cities in India.

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Bangalore

3rd Floor K V V Samrat, 217/A 3rd Main Outer Ring Road Kasturi Nagar, Bangalore - 560043.

Contact Name - Mr. Shreyas Kasa (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9699706525

Contact Name - Mr. Arun R. (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9341666276

080 - 25300343

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Hyderabad

3rd Floor, Vasudeva, Landmark Constructions, H.No.8-3-977/4,

Sri Nagar Colony, Hyderabad - 500073.

Contact Name - Mr. Ajaya Pillai (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9000626255

Contact Name - Mr. Abhijit Mohanty (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9040004407

040 - 39184245

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Vijayawada

2nd Floor, 39-10-19, Labbipet, Veterinary Hospital Road,Opp ACP Office, Vijayawada - 520010

Contact Name - Mr. D V U Sekhar

Contact No. - 8297178999

0866 - 3059346

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Visakhapatnam

Door No. 10-1-43 Shop No.101 A, 1st Floor, Siripuram Fort Travellers Bungalow Road, CBM Compound Visakhapatnam

Contact Name - Mr. Surya Rao Kola

Contact No. - 9848143754

0891 - 3048299

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Guwahati

Unit No. – 1 COM B, 1st Floor, ADAMS PLAZA, G S Road, Christian Basti, Guwahati -781005

Contact Name - Mr. Ritupon Bezboruah

Contact No. - 8876524366

0361 - 2345575

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Patna

Universal Sompo General Insurance Co Ltd 2nd Floor, Magadh Plaza, Balami Chak, Anisabad, Patna - 800002

Contact Name - Mr. Rahul Singh (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9918293111

Contact Name - Mr. Nirbhik Chandra Ray (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9631927991

0612 - 3058585

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Goa

Office No 503, 5th Floor, City Center, Patto Plaza, Panjim, Goa - 403001

Contact Name - Mr. Dileep Kumar Katiyar

Contact No. - 9822934488

Landline - 08322437001

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Ahmedabad

UNIT NO 401, 3rd EYE ONE, Opp Havmor Restaurant, Panchvati, C G Road, Ahmedabad - 380006, Gujarat

Contact Name - Mr. Dilbaag Singh Khera (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 8905921865

Contact Name - Mr. Tejas Soni (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 8156085783

Claim Team - Tel: 079 – 26431312

079 - 30481311, 079 – 26431310

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Surat

HG – 23, International Trade Centre, Majura Gate, Ring Road, Surat - 395002.

Contact Name - Mr. Krushang B. Mehta

Contact No. - 9377799474

0261 - 4001601

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Chandigarh

Universal Sompo General Insurance Co. Ltd., SCO-9 , First Floor, Above Central Bank of India, Sector 10, Panchkula, Haryana

Contact Name - Mr. Amrish Kumar Singh (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 07060025777

Contact Name - Mr. Gagandeep Singh (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 09814845321

0172 - 3017460

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Gurgaon

Gurgaon Branch Office, Block B, Ground Floor, Plot No.52, Sector 44, Gurgaon, Haryana, Pin - 122003

Contact Name - Mr Atul Duggal(Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 8882281731

Contact Name - Mr. Rahul Khattry (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 7827395405

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Cochin

2nd floor,Grace Tower, TR/54/3106-C, K.K.Road & Subash Chandra Bose Road Junction, Opp.Petrol Pump, Kadavanthra, Kochi-682020

Contact Name - Mr. Anoop George (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9446588233

Contact Name - Mr. Gopu G Menon (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9895150784

Tel : 0484 - 4058481/2/3/4/5 Fax : 0484 - 4058486

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Trivandrum

1st Floor, Chakra Tower, Vanross Junction, Trivandrum-695001

Contact Name - Mr. Antony Nixon D'Silva

Contact No. - 9995673767

Landline - 04714064148

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Bhopal

First Floor, E-5/18, Arera Colony, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462016

Contact Name - Mr. Vivek Gambhir (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9165735837

Contact Name - Mr. Pushpendra Mishra(Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 8989189992

Tel : 0755 - 3018060; Fax: 0755 - 2554959

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Indore

Universal Sompo General Insurance Co Ltd. 582, 1st Floor, Heritage Building, M.G. Road, Indore (M.P)-452001

Branch Manager - Mr. Nagendra Singh Solanki

Landline Number: +91-7313021516

Mobile Number: +91-9977486677

0731-3021515

Universal Sompo Branch Offices In Mumbai

Andheri (Mumbai)

Unit No. 709 - 712 7th Floor, Hubtown Viva, Shankarwadi, Western Express Highway, Jogeshwari (East), Mumbai Maharashtra 400060

Contact Name - Mr. Allwyn Vasu Ail (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9892022212

Contact Name - Mr. Dheeraj Tripathi (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9820283527

Andheri(Mumbai) Corporate Office

Unit 401, 4th Floor, Sangam Complex, 127 Andheri Kurla Road, Andheri (East) Mumbai - 400059. Maharashtra.

Contact Name - Head HR & Admin

Contact No. - 022 - 29211800

022 - 29211800

Borivali

Office No–211 2nd Floor Hari Om Plaza, M G Road, Borivali (E),Mumbai-400066

Contact Name - Mr. Mandar Gadre

Contact No. - 9004085368

022-65511292/93

Dadar

101 Sapna Cooperative Society, Agar Bazar, Dr S K Bole Road, Dadar (West) Mumbai - 400028.

Contact Name - Ms Amit Singh

Contact No. - 9619208814

022 24301291/92, 24372192

Goregaon

Unit No. 617, Hubtown Viva, Shankarwadi, Western Express Highway, Jogeshwari (East), Mumbai Maharashtra - 400060

Contact Name - Mr. Ashutosh Upadhyay

Contact No. - 8108194825

South Mumbai

A-4, 6th Floor, New Excelsior Cinema Building, A K Naik Marg, Fort Mumbai - 400001

Contact Name - Mr. Rohit Bassan

Contact No. - 8984759757

022 - 65652163

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Pune

Office No - 403, 4th Floor, Winners Court, Plot No 23, CTS No 599A+598+593/41A, Munjeri, Sahaney Sujan Park,Lulla Nagar, PUNE - 411040.

Contact Name - Mr. Atul Tandon (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9873758877

Contact Name - Mr. Manish Atre (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - +918291813918

020-30453765

Universal Sompo Branch Offices In Delhi

Laxmi Nagar

Universal Sompo General Insurance Co Ltd, Office No 612, 6th Floor, Roots ,

Tower Plot No 7, Dist Centre Laxmi Nagar New Delhi– 110092

Contact Name - Davinder Singh Saini (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9906080018

012 - 22422919

New Delhi

Unit No 903 & 904, 9th Floor, GDITL Tower,

Netaji Subhash Place, Pitampura New Delhi - 110034.

Contact Name - Mr. Anuj Pandey

Contact No. - 9899105526 / 7827444476

Tel : 011 - 47395555 Fax : 011 - 47395565

South Delhi

Flat No.514, Shakuntala Building, 59 Nehru Place, New Delhi

Contact Name - Mr Ratnesh Pratap Singh

Contact No. - 9599681804

011-41610412

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Bhubaneswar

House No: 461, 2nd Floor, Gugnani Heights, Gautam Nagar,

Lewis Road, Bhubaneswar-751014, Odisha

Contact Name- Mr. M Jayakrishnan (Zonal Head)

Contact No.- 9937143596

Contact Name- Mr. Rishi Prasad Bhatta(Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9346508547

0674 - 2435144

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Jaipur

Ground Floor & Basement, 29-B,White Sapphire Apartments, Govind Marg, Adarsh Nagar, Jaipur

Contact Name - Mr. Praveen Seksaria (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9414186077

Contact Name - Mr. Gurpreet Singh Arora (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 8591021534

0141- 2604414, 2604417, 2604418, 2604419, 2604423, 2604424

Universal Sompo Branch Offices In Chennai

102,Door No New 44, Door No. old 39, Halls Road, Egmore, Chennai - 600008.

Contact Name - Mr. J S Jagathesan (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9444202941/9025110915

Contact Name - Mr. Jayaprakash R (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9631927914

044 - 42975000

Kilpauk

6 , G-1, Cathedral Garden Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai -600 034

Contact Name - Mr. J S Jagathesan (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 9444202941/9025110915

Contact Name - Mr. Pandiyan P. (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9176000266

044 - 43585733, 43585735, 43585736, 43585737, 43585738, 43585739

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Madurai

1st Floor, No.10/20, By Pass Road, Madurai - 625010

Contact Name - Mr. N. Karthikeyan

Contact No. - 9894594596

0452 - 4225123/0452 - 4366615

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Dehradun

2nd Floor, 58, Rajpur Road, Opp. Madhuban Hotel, Dehradun - 248001.

Contact Name - Mr. Ashu Bansal

Contact No. - 8978002030

0135 - 2106119

Universal Sompo Branch Office In Kolkata

7th Floor, Express Towers, 42A, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata - 700017

ContactName - Mr. Arvind Kumar Thakur (Zonal Head)

Contact No. - 7033091898

ContactName - Mr. Anshuman Dubey (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9007000659

Kolkata 2

FE-362, Salt Lake, Sector-III, Kolkata-700106

Contact Name - Mr. Tamal Das (Branch Manager)

Contact No. - 9674308550

Universal Sompo Two Wheeler Insurance Frequently Asked Queries

1. Can I buy a Universal Sompo bike insurance policy online?

   Yes, you may purchase a new motor insurance policy or renew your existing Universal Sompo bike insurance policy on the official website of the company. The process requires you to enter your vehicle’s details or the policy number of your existing motor insurance policy, choose policy extensions and add-on covers, and make the necessary payments.

2. Do policyholders receive full compensation in case of total loss of the vehicle?

   In case of total loss of the vehicle, the insurance company is not liable to compensate more than the Insured Declared Value (IDV) of the vehicle which is determined at the time of purchase or renewal of the insurance policy. Also, certain part of the claim including the depreciation and voluntary excess has to be borne by the policyholder.

3. What are some of the advantages of the Long-Term Two-Wheeler Package Insurance Policy offered by Universal Sompo?

   Here are some of the benefits of the long-term bike insurance policy:

   Long-term coverage for a period of 2 or 3 years

   No hassles of annual policy renewal

   No effects of inflation on premium during the entire duration the policy is valid for.

   No Claim Bonus remains can be retained during the tenure of the policy

4. What is No Claim Bonus (NCB)? How can I avail it?

   No Claim Bonus is an incentive that the insurance companies offer to the policyholders for adopting safe riding practices and having made no insurance claims during the preceding years. Based on the number of consecutive claim-free years, the NCB can go up to 50%. The same can be retained if you switch your motor insurance provider to any other company.

5. Under what circumstances should be an incident involving my vehicle be reported to the police?

   The police must be informed and a FIR should be filed with your nearest police station under the following circumstances:

   Physically injury caused to a third person involved in the accident.

   Theft of the vehicle, its accessories, or other parts.

   Any damage or loss caused to the vehicle as a result of riots, strikes, terrorism, or other malicious acts.

6. What is a third-party liability? Is it covered under the Universal Sompo Two-Wheeler Insurance Policy?

   A third-party liability is any financial or legal liability that arises due to a damage or loss caused to another individual or their properties due to an accident involving the insured vehicle. The Motor Vehicles Act makes it compulsory for all motor vehicles to have a minimum of third-party cover. Therefore, the same is naturally covered under Universal Sompo bike insurance policy.

7. How can I get a claim form?

   The claim form is included the policy kit that you receive at the time of purchasing the policy. However, the same can be downloaded from the official website of the insurance company or can be obtained from any of the branch offices of Universal Sompo.

8. What if my bike is not in a usable condition?

   In case your vehicle is not in a driving condition, you may get in touch with a call centre executive at Universal Sompo who shall arrange for the towing of the vehicle to the nearest network garage of the company for further repairs. If you wish to take your vehicle to the garage of your choice, you will be required to arrange a towing service by your own. The expenses made on the same will be reimbursed by the insurer reasonably as per the terms and conditions of the policy.

9. What should I do in case my vehicle is is stolen?

   If your vehicle is stolen, the first thing to do is notify the same at your nearest police station and intimate about the vehicle theft by getting in touch with executives at Universal Sompo. The claims executive of the company will get in touch with you and guide you on the process further.

10. Does the personal accident cover apply to any person driving the insured vehicle?Yes, a personal accident cover can be opted for by making payment of additional premium. The same covers any named individual other than a cleaner or a paid driver.
11. If I meet with an accident in a different state, will I still be covered?

    Yes, you will be covered irrespective of the city or state the accident takes place in.

12. Where do I find a Claim Form?

    You can download a claim form from the Universal Sompo website. You can also visit a Universal Sompo branch office and collect a copy of the claim form.

13. Will I be able to claim the full amount at the time of filing a claim?>

    You will be reimbursed the full amount as filed in the claim, with the following exceptions:

    • Compulsory deductible under the policy.
    • Depreciation amount, as indicated in the policy document.
    • Voluntary deductible, if applicable.
14. What is a deductible?

    A deductible is a part of the claim cost that is to be borne by the policyholder. Deductibles are compulsory, with the amount decided at the time of the policy being issued.

15. What is the procedure to be followed if my two wheeler is stolen?

    If your two wheeler has been stolen, file an FIR (First Information Report) at the nearest police station and notify Universal Sompo by calling on the helpline as soon as possible. The claim executive will then guide you as to the steps to be taken next.

16. How do I renew my Universal Sompo two wheeler insurance policy?

    You can renew your Universal Sompo two wheeler insurance policy by visiting a branch office and renewing it in person. You could also renew the policy online by making an online payment towards your premium.

17. Will I be able to file a claim if a friend/relative was riding the vehicle when an accident took place?

    If you have paid to cover Personal Accident insurance for named individuals in your policy document, you can file a claim if the individual was riding at the time of the accident occurring.

18. What is meant by total loss?

    Total loss refers to damage that would require repair amounting to over 75% of the IDV (Insured Declared Value) of the vehicle as listed in the policy.

19. What are the add-ons provided by Universal Sompo two wheeler insurance policy?

    The list of add-ons provided by Universal Sompo are given below:

    • Nil depreciation cover.
    • Daily cash allowance.
    • Hospital daily cash.
    • Return to Invoice.
    • Additional accidental injury compensation for family.
    • No Claim Bonus protector.
    • Roadside assistance for two wheelers.
20. How is the IDV calculated?

    An IDV (Insured Declared Value) is computed based on the manufacturer’s listed selling price for the model and brand.

Disclaimer

This Insurance Company has not partnered with BankBazaar.com. For more details, please visit its website/branch office. The trademarks, logos and other subject matters of intellectual property belong to their respective owners.

Disclaimer

This Insurance Company has not partnered with BankBazaar.com. For more details, please visit its website/branch office. The trademarks, logos and other subject matters of intellectual property belong to their respective owners.