The 17th Lok Sabha elections are scheduled to be held anytime around April or May, in 2019. In total, the candidates all over the country from various political parties will contest for as many as 543 seats. In addition to this, the president of India will nominate two members.
The 18th Lok Sabha elections were held between April and June 2024, with results announced on 4-5 June 2024. The main contenders were:
This table shows the seat share and vote share of major political parties in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. It provides a snapshot of party performances across the country.
Party | Seat Share (%) | Vote Share (%) |
BJP | 44.2% | 36.9% |
INC | 18.2% | 21.4% |
Samajwadi Party (SP) | 6.82% | 4.62% |
All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) | 5.35% | 4.41% |
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) | 4.06% | 1.84% |
Telugu Desam Party (TDP) | 2.21% | 1.99% |
Janata Dal (United) (JD(U)) | 2.95% | 1.25% |
Shiv Sena (UBT) | 1.66% | 1.50% |
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharad Pawar) | 1.48% | 0.92% |
Shiv Sena | 1.29% | 1.16% |
Others | 11.7% | 14.5% |
The table below lists all NDA member parties along with their votes, vote share, and seats won. It highlights the contribution of each party towards NDA’s overall majority.
Party | Votes | Vote Share (%) | Seats Won |
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 235,974,144 | 36.56 | 240 |
Telugu Desam Party (TDP) | 12,775,270 | 1.98 | 16 |
Janata Dal (United) (JD(U)) | 8,039,663 | 1.25 | 12 |
Shiv Sena | 7,401,447 | 1.15 | 7 |
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) | 2,810,250 | 0.44 | 5 |
Janata Dal (Secular) | 2,173,701 | 0.34 | 2 |
Nationalist Congress Party | 2,059,179 | 0.32 | 1 |
Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1,879,689 | 0.29 | 0 |
Jana Sena Party | 1,454,138 | 0.23 | 2 |
Asom Gana Parishad | 1,298,707 | 0.20 | 1 |
Rashtriya Lok Dal | 893,460 | 0.14 | 2 |
Apna Dal (Soneylal) | 808,245 | 0.13 | 1 |
Hindustani Awam Morcha | 494,960 | 0.08 | 1 |
United People’s Party Liberal | 488,995 | 0.08 | 1 |
Sikkim Krantikari Morcha | 164,396 | 0.03 | 1 |
Others | - | - | - |
Total NDA | 282,668,733 | 43.80 | 293 |
The following table shows all INDIA alliance parties, showing votes, vote share, and seats won. It provides insight into the composition and strength of the opposition alliance.
Party | Votes | Vote Share (%) | Seats Won |
Indian National Congress (INC) | 136,758,952 | 21.19 | 99 |
Samajwadi Party (SP) | 29,549,389 | 4.58 | 37 |
All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) | 28,213,393 | 4.37 | 29 |
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) | 11,754,710 | 1.82 | 22 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) | 11,342,553 | 1.76 | 4 |
Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) | 10,107,402 | 1.57 | 4 |
Shiv Sena (UBT) | 9,567,779 | 1.48 | 9 |
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) | 7,147,800 | 1.11 | 3 |
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharad Pawar) | 5,921,162 | 0.92 | 8 |
Communist Party of India (CPI) | 3,157,184 | 0.49 | 2 |
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) | 2,652,955 | 0.41 | 3 |
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) | 1,716,186 | 0.27 | 3 |
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation | 1,736,761 | 0.27 | 2 |
Others | - | - | - |
Total INDIA | 267,711,232 | 41.48 | 234 |
The table shown below summarises the number of seats won by each alliance in the seven election phases, providing insight into regional voting trends.
Phase | NDA | INDIA | Others | Total |
Phase 1 | 34 | 65 | 3 | 102 |
Phase 2 | 53 | 33 | 1 | 87 |
Phase 3 | 66 | 26 | 2 | 94 |
Phase 4 | 60 | 31 | 5 | 96 |
Phase 5 | 23 | 24 | 2 | 49 |
Phase 6 | 37 | 21 | 0 | 58 |
Phase 7 | 20 | 34 | 3 | 57 |
This table presents a breakdown of seats won by NDA, INDIA, and other parties in each state and union territory, showing the geographic distribution of electoral support.
State/Union Territory | NDA | INDIA | Others |
Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Andhra Pradesh | 21 | 0 | 4 |
Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Assam | 11 | 3 | 0 |
Bihar | 30 | 9 | 1 |
Chandigarh | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Chhattisgarh | 10 | 1 | 0 |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Delhi | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Goa | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Gujarat | 25 | 1 | 0 |
Haryana | 5 | 5 | 0 |
Himachal Pradesh | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Jharkhand | 9 | 5 | 0 |
Karnataka | 19 | 9 | 0 |
Kerala | 1 | 19 | 0 |
Ladakh | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Lakshadweep | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Madhya Pradesh | 29 | 0 | 0 |
Maharashtra | 17 | 30 | 1 |
Manipur | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Meghalaya | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Mizoram | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Nagaland | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Odisha | 20 | 1 | 0 |
Puducherry | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Punjab | 0 | 10 | 3 |
Rajasthan | 14 | 11 | 0 |
Sikkim | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Tamil Nadu | 0 | 39 | 0 |
Telangana | 8 | 8 | 1 |
Tripura | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Uttar Pradesh | 36 | 43 | 1 |
Uttarakhand | 5 | 0 | 0 |
West Bengal | 12 | 30 | 0 |
Total | 293 | 234 | 16 |
The National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), secured a total of 293 seats in the 18th Lok Sabha, surpassing the majority threshold of 272 seats. The opposition alliance, Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA), led by the Indian National Congress (INC), won 234 seats. Despite the NDA's overall majority, the BJP's individual seat count declined from 303 in 2019 to 240 in 2024.
Narendra Modi was sworn in as Prime Minister for a third consecutive term on June 9, 2024. He was elected as the leader of the NDA alliance, even though the BJP did not retain its solo majority in the Lok Sabha.
The NDA was led by the BJP and included parties such as the Janata Dal (United), Telugu Desam Party, Shiv Sena (UBT), and others. The INDIA alliance comprised the Indian National Congress, Samajwadi Party, Trinamool Congress, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, and several regional parties.
In Uttar Pradesh, the Samajwadi Party emerged victorious, defeating the BJP and its allies. In West Bengal, the Trinamool Congress, led by Mamata Banerjee, secured a significant number of seats. In Maharashtra, the Shiv Sena (UBT), Congress Party, and Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) formed a successful alliance, defeating the BJP-led NDA.
The BJP's seat count declined from 303 in 2019 to 240 in 2024. This marked a significant reduction, indicating a shift in voter sentiment and regional dynamics across key states.
The Indian National Congress (INC) gained the most seats within the INDIA alliance, securing 99 seats. The Samajwadi Party followed with 37 seats, while the All India Trinamool Congress won 29 seats.
Regional parties played a crucial role, particularly in states like Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Maharashtra. The Trinamool Congress, DMK, and Shiv Sena (UBT) secured key victories, influencing the overall balance of power in the Lok Sabha.
States like Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Odisha contributed significantly to NDA's overall majority. High seat counts in these states helped offset losses in Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, and Maharashtra.
With over 642 million voters casting their ballots, the 2024 election became the largest in Indian history. The simultaneous conduct of legislative assembly elections in several states further highlighted the scale and complexity of the electoral process.
Factors such as regional alliances, caste-based politics, and debates over constitutional values played pivotal roles in shaping the election outcomes. Opposition narratives focusing on constitutional integrity and social justice resonated with voters in key states, challenging the BJP's previous dominance.
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