The Indian Parliament is a bicameral legislature, meaning it consists of two houses - the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). Both play crucial roles in shaping the legislative landscape of the country, but they differ significantly in terms of composition, functions, and powers.
Provisions | Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha |
It is called | House of People | Council of States |
Election Procedure | Members are directly elected through the First Past The Post (FPTP) system. | Members are indirectly elected through proportional representation. |
Age | Minimum age to become a member is 25 years. | The minimum age to become a member is 30 years. |
Term | It continues for 5 years. | It is a permanent body |
Chair of the House | Speaker is the head of the house. | The Vice-President is the chairman of the house. |
Composition | Maximum strength is 550. 530 members represent states, and 20 members represent union territories. The current strength is 543. | Maximum strength is 250. Out of which, 238 members are from states, and 12 members are nominated. The current strength is fixed at 245. |
Electoral College | A citizen above the age of 18 can vote. | Only members of state legislative assembly and union territories with legislative assembly can vote. |
Since only the Lok Sabha has the authority to introduce money bills, it has a major influence over financial matters in addition to being in charge of creating and enacting laws. The Rajya Sabha examines, recommends changes to, and acts as a check on the laws that the Lok Sabha passes.
The Lok Sabha has more power than the Rajya Sabha because: (i) Ordinary laws need to be passed by both Houses. Representatives from both Houses gather for a joint session to make the final decision if they cannot agree.
In the upper chamber of the Indian Parliament, known as the "Rajya Sabha" (constitutionally the "Council of States"), a Member of Parliament (abbreviated: MP) represents the Indian states.
The President and the two houses, the House of the People (Lok Sabha) and the Council of States (Rajya Sabha), make up the legislature of the union, also known as Parliament. Every House must convene within six months of its most recent session. In some circumstances, two Houses may hold a combined sitting.
The prime minister may serve in the upper house of parliament, the Rajya Sabha or the Lok Sabha. The prime minister has authority over the appointment and removal of Union Council of Ministers members as well as the distribution of government positions.
The electorate chooses one representative from each constituency, who thereafter joins the Legislative Assembly (MLA). In the lower chamber of India's bicameral parliament, the Lok Sabha, each state has seven to nine Members of Parliament (MLAs) for each MP.
The head of the Indian Parliament is the President. The head of parliament, typically the Lok Sabha, is the prime minister.
The bulk of Rajya Sabha members are chosen by the elected members of state legislative assemblies. The remaining members are nominated by the Indian President.
There shall be no more than 250 members in the Rajya Sabha, with 12 members chosen by the president and 238 members representing the States and Union Territories. The Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved because it is a perpetual body.
All 543 seats in the Lok Sabha are directly chosen by Indian citizens using a first-past-the-post voting system from each state and union territory parliamentary constituency. Of the 245 members that the Rajya Sabha might have, 238 are indirectly elected.
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